VOA [Voice of America] Global English : February 26, 2020 09:00AM-10:00AM EST
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VOA [Voice of America] Global English : February 26, 2020 09:00AM-10:00AM EST
- Publication date
- 2020-02-26
- Topics
- Radio Program, Oncology, Financial crises, East Asian countries, Republics, G20 nations, Great Depression, Member states of the United Nations, Financial markets, Stock market, Developmental psychology, Human development, Tuesday, Divided regions, Bus transport, Medical terminology, Marketing, Diseases and disorders, Pricing, Social psychology, Family, Technical communication, Rural geography, Ethics, Behavior
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- VOA [Voice of America] Global English
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- English
Closed captions transcript:
00:00:00
Controlled and when I realize that I cut
it back by 95 percent and I've apologized
00:00:06
and asked for forgiveness I've met was black
leaders to try to get an understanding
00:00:10
of how I can better physician myself and
what I should have done and what I should
00:00:15
do next time A.P.'s Washington bureau
chief Julie Pace says this debate shows
00:00:21
there's
00:00:21
a reality that the candidates are dealing
with Sanders he added 2 victories in the
00:00:26
1st 3 contests affectively in the 1st state
in Iowa and next week in Super Tuesday
00:00:32
could really start to pull away from the
rest of field in the in the race for
00:00:35
delegates so this is the moment where the
candidates really start to draw some
00:00:39
strong contrast that maybe 10 months
momentum the South Carolina primary is
00:00:44
Saturday and
00:00:45
a few days after that is Super Tuesday after
the debate Pete booted judges campaign
00:00:51
canceled 3 private fundraisers in South
Florida planned for Wednesday they cite
00:00:56
illness as the reason for the cancellations
if you'd like more on these or any
00:01:01
other stories visit us at the
News dot com This is the oh
00:01:06
a news. As China reports
a continuing slowdown
00:01:11
a new coronavirus cases World Health officials
are praising the country's response
00:01:16
while alerting other governments to be
ready to aggressively react when cases
00:01:20
appear within their borders Meanwhile
Jackie Quinn reports a u.s.
00:01:24
Soldier based in South Korea has tested
positive for the virus the military says
00:01:30
he's
00:01:30
a 23 year old soldier now in self quarantine
near his home near Camp Carroll he had
00:01:36
visited Camp Walker located at Daegu earlier
this week Daegu is the epicenter of
00:01:42
the virus spread in South Korea now the
military will trace the soldier steps to
00:01:46
see if anyone else was exposed there are
dozens of new cases reported in Daegu
00:01:52
mostly linked to
00:01:53
a church China has just reported more than
$400.00 new cases Japan Italy and the
00:01:59
Middle East are all reporting the virus
rapidly spreading I'm Jacki Queen Hong
00:02:05
Kong's government is proposing
00:02:06
a nearly $1300.00 cash handouts for each
resident over 18 years old the money is to
00:02:13
help alleviate hardships brought on by the
spreading viral outbreak and prolonged
00:02:18
political protests the Greek islands of
Lesbos CIO and Samos on Wednesday staged
00:02:25
a general strike people are protesting
against the construction of new migrant
00:02:29
camps for
00:02:30
a 2nd day post protesters on Lesbos faced
off against riot police close to the site
00:02:35
of
00:02:35
a planned camp for up to 7000 people small
groups of protesters threw stones at the
00:02:41
police who responded with tear gas
and flash grenades Egypt held
00:02:46
a military funeral Wednesday for former
President Hosni Mubarak horses drew his
00:02:51
coffin draped in the Egyptian flag Mubarak
ruled for 30 years until he was ousted
00:02:56
in disgrace in 2011 he died Tuesday in
00:02:59
a Cairo military hospital at the age of
$91.00 the opera world is reacting to plus
00:03:05
ago Domingo's statement of regret after
00:03:08
a pause. It was released
about his conduct with women
00:03:11
a piece Oscar Wilde's
Gabriel reports e.c.l.
00:03:15
. On so cellaring those words by Soprano
lose Del Alba Rubio reflect those of many
00:03:22
in opera circles now that superstar
placid Oh Domingo has apologized for his
00:03:27
treatment of women the problem with many
who find the apology problematic is that
00:03:31
it comes on the heels of
00:03:33
a record in which the Us union that
represents opera performers confirms that the
00:03:37
superstar behaved inappropriately with women
over 2 decades Patricia Wolf is one of
00:03:42
the singers whose allegations to the
Associated Press launched the probe that led
00:03:46
to the report she questions the sincerity
and timing of the apology why is he
00:03:52
apologizing now why is he speaking up now
while says she and others want to see
00:03:57
Domingo expelled from the u.s.
00:03:59
Offering and show that such behavior is
unacceptable Gabriel I'm Diane Roberts
00:04:05
v.o.a.
00:04:05
News. Became broadcast. Exclusive he. Was
00:04:14
.
00:04:55
Never. On
00:04:58
a. Comedy
00:05:06
. To go.
00:05:59
Let.
00:06:17
Them come.
00:09:24
It was.
00:09:31
Going to. Take it I.
00:09:39
Had to say look I've got to say but.
00:09:57
I've.
00:10:42
I've.
00:10:57
I've.
00:11:06
I've.
00:11:39
Oh.
00:11:59
Make the most of.
00:12:23
It.
00:13:11
So.
00:13:19
I don't blame. Me.
00:13:27
Because. They
00:13:34
seem. To be.
00:13:41
Me.
00:14:48
Please Mr New would soon see. New.
00:14:55
Singles Q. Because it was.
00:15:02
The song. Says it's still.
00:17:01
Syrus.
00:17:44
I.
00:18:14
Play it.
00:18:44
Plz.
00:19:40
Live.
00:19:48
Live. Live live.
00:20:04
Live live.
00:20:46
Live.
00:20:52
Live.
00:21:06
Live.
00:21:27
Thank.
00:21:44
You this is going to take
you. To get more old.
00:22:06
Lucy done it's done.
00:22:21
Was to issue.
00:22:33
His son my to my.
00:22:43
Mother and he was on simpletons
just slapping me Sally's.
00:23:53
Led.
00:24:41
Police.
00:25:11
I've.
00:25:39
Played live.
00:26:23
A little.
00:26:34
Slimmer.
00:26:42
A. Little July.
00:26:53
I've.
00:27:09
Live
00:27:17
. Live.
00:27:26
Live.
00:27:34
Live.
00:27:50
In
00:27:50
a way. I've
00:28:02
.
00:28:25
Lived.
00:28:42
Lives
00:28:54
. Lived.
00:29:12
Welcome to learning English
00:29:15
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:29:22
Ashley Thompson this program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:29:27
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:29:34
English. Today on the
00:29:41
program you will hear from Alice Bryant
later we will present our American history
00:29:47
series The Making of
00:29:49
a nation. But 1st. People
who survive cancer or
00:29:55
during childhood and early adulthood
are more likely to experience severe
00:30:02
life threatening health problems
later on in life and in fact many
00:30:09
of the survivors die before other
people the same age those are
00:30:16
finding from a recent study
00:30:20
a report on the study was published
this month and the Lancet Oncology.
00:30:27
Researchers followed almost 12000
young cancer survivors and
00:30:34
about 5000 of their
siblings for about 20 years
00:30:41
all of these relatives were said
to be in good health the cancer
00:30:47
survivors were free of the disease for
at least 5 years at the start of the
00:30:53
study yet they were still about
6 times more likely to die
00:31:00
during the follow up period than their
siblings Tara Henderson was the lead
00:31:07
writer of the report. She noted before 960
00:31:13
cancer before the age of 21 years
was uniformly fatal and currently
00:31:21
about 83 percent of anyone diagnosed
with cancer before the age of 21
00:31:27
years can be cured Anderson
is director of cancer
00:31:33
survivorship at the University of
Chicago's Comprehensive Cancer Center
00:31:41
she said that doctors need to put more
effort into learning the long term side
00:31:47
effects of cancer treatment the
Reuters News Agency reported her
00:31:53
comments better survival chances
also mean children may have
00:32:00
a higher risk of developing
health problems as
00:32:03
a result of tumors or cancer
treatments the problems include
00:32:10
heart disease old cancers
returning or possible new cancers
00:32:18
many doctors turn to chemotherapy
to treat cancer patients they
00:32:25
use drugs to stop the growth of cancer
cells either by killing the cells or by
00:32:32
stopping them from dividing yet
chemotherapy can weaken the heart muscle
00:32:39
and some newer targeted medicines
encrease the risk of heart failure
00:32:46
so says the American Heart Association
the group also notes that
00:32:53
radiation can cause heart
rhythm disorders and
00:32:57
a structural damage in blood
vessels and heart valves. By age
00:33:03
4556 percent of the childhood
cancer survivors diagnosed with the
00:33:10
disease before age 15 had
developed severe health problems
00:33:18
that compares with 39 percent of survivors
diagnosed while growing up or in
00:33:25
early adulthood and 12 percent of
siblings without any history of
00:33:31
cancer death rates or Also
higher for cancer survivors
00:33:38
diagnosed during childhood than for
those diagnosed during adolescence or
00:33:45
early adulthood However survivors
of childhood cancer were less
00:33:52
likely to die from returning tumors
than survivors who were diagnosed
00:33:57
a little later researchers followed
people diagnosed with cancer
00:34:04
between 197-1999 they found that it is
00:34:11
possible that long term results might
be better for people diagnosed today
00:34:18
because of better treatments the
researchers said that is partly because of
00:34:24
changes designed to improve survival
chances and decrease the risk of
00:34:31
severe treatment related health
problems one limitation of the study
00:34:38
is that researchers lacked information
on 3 kinds of cancer tumors in the
00:34:45
gonads thyroid and scan
those 3 make up about
00:34:52
40 percent of cancers discovered
and 15 to 20 year olds.
00:34:59
The Lottie Maki is a doctor with
00:35:01
a tour through university in Finland and
the Carling sky Institute in Stockholm
00:35:06
Sweden she noted that some cancer
related complications do not
00:35:13
become apparent until several years
following cancer treatment in an
00:35:19
e-mail to Reuters she urged
cancer patients to adopt
00:35:24
a healthy lifestyle to help make severe
or life threatening medical issues less
00:35:31
likely to develop She added
that patients can do
00:35:37
a number of things including
exercising eating well not smoking and
00:35:44
keeping
00:35:44
a healthy body weight. Amy
00:36:15
Melendez was in
00:36:17
a supermarket and Maryland with friends
when it happened to her she had ordered
00:36:24
one of her favorite drinks a corn based
beverage from Central America called
00:36:30
a tollway she began to
drink her a tollway when
00:36:35
a man nearby asked if it was good but
the man was using casual language
00:36:42
and Melendez did not understand his
question so she said I don't know
00:36:50
the man then asked how it was possible
for her not to know how the drink was.
00:36:58
That's when the laughter began the
man laughed her friends laughed Amy
00:37:04
Melendez felt
00:37:05
a little foolish her spoken exchange
with the man was entirely in
00:37:12
Spanish Melendez is
00:37:15
a Spanish learner but she is
also an English language teacher
00:37:23
now she supervises English and
service worker training programs at
00:37:30
3 to b.j.
00:37:32
In Maryland Melinda's has shared
the supermarket story with
00:37:39
many of her students she wants them to
know she can relate to the challenges of
00:37:45
learning
00:37:46
a language being laughed at or joked
about can happen no matter what
00:37:53
language you are learning and it may
make some learners nervous about
00:38:00
speaking their new language However
experts say there are ways to
00:38:06
overcome those feelings so on
education tips today we offer
00:38:13
suggestions from
00:38:14
a few teachers but 1st let's
explore why some people laugh
00:38:22
when ter Oshie Bayrou teaches
English in Washington d.c.
00:38:27
And Maryland including for the International
Center for language studies and
00:38:34
a nonprofit group called Paper
airplanes She says most people
00:38:41
who laugh are not trying to
be mean or hurtful instead
00:38:47
a language learners pronunciation or way
of putting words together may sound
00:38:53
unusual to some native speakers
and can take them by surprise.
00:39:01
And they're not thinking about how it
might make other individuals feel who is
00:39:06
learning the language it's just
00:39:08
a natural instinct when you
hear something that sound
00:39:11
a little bit different than what you would
expect to hear or how you would expect
00:39:15
to hear if the way you say something
sounds different or unusual to
00:39:22
a native speaker that person may not
have had much contact with foreigners
00:39:29
Josh Plotkin is an American living
in Brazil he has been fluent in
00:39:36
Portuguese for years he operates
00:39:40
a website called Brazilian gringo dot com
which teaches foreigners how to live in
00:39:47
Brazil and improve their spoken
Portuguese on his website Plotkin
00:39:54
notes that some Brazilians who have little
contact with foreigners laugh at him
00:40:00
because they aren't used to hearing an
American speaking Portuguese he notes
00:40:07
similar experiences when traveling and
other countries and trying to speak their
00:40:14
languages but whether the reason is
lack of contact or something else
00:40:21
we have tips for overcoming the
fear of using your English the
00:40:27
1st suggestion is to relax
and be patient with yourself
00:40:33
a piece of advice from Oshie
Bayrou she says to remind yourself
00:40:40
that you are learning the language
so it is normal to make mistakes she
00:40:47
advises not to be too hard on yourself I
think sometimes the best thing to do is
00:40:53
just smile and breathe and relax
and try not to take your laughter
00:41:00
stopped you from from learning the language
or immersion yourself in the language.
00:41:06
Oshie Bayrou also suggests learners avoid
setting learning goals that are too
00:41:13
strict which can sometimes become
00:41:16
a barrier rather than help other
experts note that people who make
00:41:23
jokes or laugh may not have studied
00:41:26
a 2nd language this is yet another
reason not to judge yourself by
00:41:33
the reactions of others
Plotkin warns against
00:41:40
worrying that people are
thinking you look like
00:41:44
a full trying to speak our language
ideas like these can hurt your
00:41:50
progress and be
00:41:52
a barrier to fluency The 2nd tip
is to practice your speaking
00:41:58
skills both Melendez and
Oshie Bayrou say practice
00:42:05
is one of the best ways to
deal with fear Melendez
00:42:11
suggests doing role plays in
00:42:15
a role play 2 or more people
act out an imaginary situation
00:42:22
for example going to a
market or talking to
00:42:27
a bus driver if you know
there's a new situation
00:42:32
a situation you may not feel comfortable
and what are the phrases you might need
00:42:36
what are the words if there's someone you
can practice with but definitely just
00:42:40
going through those role plays will help
you overcome the fear you can imagine for
00:42:46
example your friend is
a bus driver you have
00:42:50
a lot of questions about taking the bus
you can practice the questions on your
00:42:56
friend Melinda says if
you are unable to find
00:43:02
a practice partner you can practice in
your head or you can talk out loud.
00:43:09
Oshie Bayrou says Another solution is
to record your voice as you train by
00:43:16
yourself that way you can listen
for mistakes whether in your
00:43:22
wording or pronunciation and
correct them. Our 3rd tip is
00:43:30
don't be afraid to ask questions if you
are worried about what to do in the
00:43:37
moment when someone makes
00:43:39
a joke the solution can be simple kindly
ask the person the reason for the
00:43:46
laughter like this says
Melendez you know is there
00:43:51
a different way that I could have said it
or how would you usually say it she said
00:43:56
the issue could be something very
simple then once you know the issue
00:44:04
you can bring the information
to a trusted person such as
00:44:08
a friend or practice partner and ask
them to help you correct it the
00:44:15
4th and final tip is to keep
a sense of humor keeping
00:44:21
a sense of humor can make the
long process of learning
00:44:25
a language more fun you might even laugh
with the person who is laughing or
00:44:32
making the joke This may feel
strange at 1st but gets easier with
00:44:39
time just Plotkin notes
that over time he has come
00:44:46
to understand that being laughed at
when speaking a foreign language is not
00:44:52
a bad thing he has learned not to
take it personally these days he
00:44:59
even laughs along with
the people using it as
00:45:04
a way to make new friends
I'm Alice Bryant.
00:45:21
Welcome to the making of
00:45:23
a nation American history in Vo
way special English I'm Barbara
00:45:30
Kline And I'm Steve embers the
stock market crash of 1929
00:45:36
marked the beginning of the worst economic
crisis in American history millions of
00:45:43
people lost their jobs thousands
lost their homes during the next
00:45:50
several years
00:45:51
a large part of the richest nation on
earth learned what it meant to be poor
00:45:59
workers lost their jobs as factories
closed businesses owners lost their
00:46:06
stores and sometimes their homes
farmers lost their land as they
00:46:12
struggled with falling prices
and natural disasters and
00:46:19
Americans were not the
only ones who suffered.
00:46:34
One of America's greatest writers John
Steinbeck described the depression this
00:46:41
way it was
00:46:42
a terrible troubled time I
can't think of any 10 years in
00:46:49
history when so much happened
in so many directions violent
00:46:56
change took place our country
was shaped our lives changed
00:47:02
our government rebuilt.
Steinbeck winner of the
00:47:08
1962 Nobel Prize in Literature
said when the markets fell
00:47:15
the factories mines and steel works
closed and then no one could buy
00:47:22
anything. Even food. And the
00:47:28
unemployed the auto worker and Detroit
Michigan describe the situation this way
00:47:35
before daylight we were on the way to the
Chevrolet factory to look for work the
00:47:41
police were already there waving out some
way from the office they were saying
00:47:47
nothing doing no jobs no
jobs so now we were walking
00:47:54
slowly through the falling snow to the
employment office for the dog auto company
00:48:01
a big well fed man and
00:48:03
a heavy overcalled stored at the
door no no he said there was no
00:48:10
work. One Texas farmer lost his
farm and moved his family to
00:48:17
California. We can't show
the children to school.
00:48:24
Because they have no clothes.
00:49:02
The economic crisis began with the
stock market crash in October
00:49:08
1929 for the 1st year
the economy fell very
00:49:14
slowly but it dropped sharply and
00:49:18
931932 and by the end of
00:49:24
1932 the economy collapsed
almost completely during
00:49:31
the 3 years following the stock market
crash the value of goods and services
00:49:38
produced in America fell by almost
half the wealth of the average
00:49:45
American dropped to
00:49:46
a level lower than it had
been 25 years earlier all the
00:49:53
gains of the 1920 s were
washed away. Unemployment rose
00:50:00
sharply the number of workers looking for
00:50:03
a job jumped from 3 percent to
more than 25 percent in just 4
00:50:10
years one of every 3 or 4
workers was looking for
00:50:16
a job in 1932 those employment numbers
00:50:23
did not include farmers the men and
women who grew the nation's food
00:50:29
suffered terribly during the Great
Depression This was especially true in 2
00:50:36
states Oklahoma and Texas farmers
there were losing money because of
00:50:43
falling prices for their crops
then natural disasters struck
00:50:49
year after year little or no
rain fell the ground dried up
00:50:57
and then the wind blew away the earth
in the huge clouds of dust. All
00:51:04
that dust made some of the farmers leave
one Oklahoma farmer remembered later but
00:51:11
my family stayed we fought to live
despite all the dust then the wind and
00:51:18
we were planting seeds but we
got no crops we had 5 crop
00:51:24
failures in 5 years.
00:51:39
Falling production rising unemployment
and then begging in the streets
00:51:46
but there was more to the Great Depression
at that time the federal government did
00:51:52
not guarantee the money that people
put in banks when people could not
00:51:59
repay loans banks began to close in
00:52:04
192-9659 banks with total holdings of
00:52:11
$200000000.00 went out of
business the next year 2
00:52:18
times that number failed and the year
after that almost twice that number
00:52:25
of banks went out of business millions
of people lost all their savings
00:52:32
they had no money left the depression
caused serious public health
00:52:38
problems hospitals across the country
were filled with sick people whose main
00:52:45
illness was
00:52:47
a lack of food the health department
in New York City found that one of
00:52:53
every 5 of the city's children
did not get enough food.
00:53:00
99 percent of the children
attending a school in
00:53:04
a coal mining area of the country
reportedly were underweight in some
00:53:11
places people died of hunger.
00:53:30
But. The quality of housing also failed
00:53:37
families were forced to crowd into
small houses or apartments to share
00:53:43
costs many people had no
homes at all they slept on
00:53:49
public streets buses or trains
one official Lynch Chicago
00:53:56
reported in 1931 that several
100 women without homes were
00:54:02
sleeping in said he barks. In the
number of cities people without homes
00:54:09
built their houses from what ever
materials they could find they used empty
00:54:16
boxes or pieces of metal to
build shelters in open areas.
00:54:28
People called these aerials of
little temporary houses Hoovervilles
00:54:35
they blamed President
Hoover for their situation.
00:54:43
Public parks at night they covered
themselves with pieces of paper and they
00:54:50
called the paper who blanket's people
without money in their pants called
00:54:57
their empty pockets Hoover flags
people blamed President Hoover
00:55:04
because they thought he was not doing
enough to help them Hoover did take several
00:55:11
actions to try to improve the economy
but he resisted proposals for the
00:55:18
federal government to
provide. And he refused to
00:55:24
let the government spend then it earned.
00:55:31
Economic depression cannot be cured by
legislative action or executive decision.
00:55:39
Many conservative Americans agreed with
him but not the millions of Americans
00:55:46
who were hungry and tired of looking for
00:55:49
a job they accused Hoover of not
caring about common citizens
00:55:56
one congressman from Alabama
said in the White House we have
00:56:02
a man more interested in the money of the
rich than in the stomachs of the poor.
00:56:21
And longing for Great Depression continues
of course some Americans were lucky they
00:56:28
kept their jobs and they had enough
money to enjoy the lower prices of
00:56:34
most goods many people shared their
earnings with friends in need
00:56:42
years later John Steinbeck wrote it
seems odd now to say that we rarely
00:56:49
have
00:56:49
a job there just weren't any jobs
but he continued given the sea
00:56:56
and the gardens we did pretty well with
00:56:59
a minimum of theft we didn't have
to steal much farmers could not
00:57:06
sell their crops he explained so they
gave away all the fruit and vegetables
00:57:13
that people could carry home other
Americans were reacting to the
00:57:19
crisis by leading protests against
the economic policies of the Hoover
00:57:26
administration in 1932
00:57:30
a large group of former soldiers
gathered in Washington to demand help.
00:57:37
More than 8000 of them built the nation's
largest Hooverville near the White
00:57:44
House federal troops finally
removed them by force and burning
00:57:51
their shelter in. One fiber right
00:57:57
Rhone night and run and made
and right back around was one
00:58:04
side of the railroad of
now it. Rather manual.
00:58:12
On the side of the tower to
the. Record on the River Murray
00:58:19
$15.00 over power now
it down product manual.
00:58:27
One Next week we will look at how the
Great Depression of the 19th thirties
00:58:34
affected other country next year when she
logon for one and I won't work and will
00:58:41
not run. And that's our program for
00:58:47
today listen again tomorrow to learn
English 3 stories from around the world
00:58:54
I'm Jonathan Evans and
I'm Ashley Thompson.
00:00:00
Controlled and when I realize that I cut
it back by 95 percent and I've apologized
00:00:06
and asked for forgiveness I've met was black
leaders to try to get an understanding
00:00:10
of how I can better physician myself and
what I should have done and what I should
00:00:15
do next time A.P.'s Washington bureau
chief Julie Pace says this debate shows
00:00:21
there's
00:00:21
a reality that the candidates are dealing
with Sanders he added 2 victories in the
00:00:26
1st 3 contests affectively in the 1st state
in Iowa and next week in Super Tuesday
00:00:32
could really start to pull away from the
rest of field in the in the race for
00:00:35
delegates so this is the moment where the
candidates really start to draw some
00:00:39
strong contrast that maybe 10 months
momentum the South Carolina primary is
00:00:44
Saturday and
00:00:45
a few days after that is Super Tuesday after
the debate Pete booted judges campaign
00:00:51
canceled 3 private fundraisers in South
Florida planned for Wednesday they cite
00:00:56
illness as the reason for the cancellations
if you'd like more on these or any
00:01:01
other stories visit us at the
News dot com This is the oh
00:01:06
a news. As China reports
a continuing slowdown
00:01:11
a new coronavirus cases World Health officials
are praising the country's response
00:01:16
while alerting other governments to be
ready to aggressively react when cases
00:01:20
appear within their borders Meanwhile
Jackie Quinn reports a u.s.
00:01:24
Soldier based in South Korea has tested
positive for the virus the military says
00:01:30
he's
00:01:30
a 23 year old soldier now in self quarantine
near his home near Camp Carroll he had
00:01:36
visited Camp Walker located at Daegu earlier
this week Daegu is the epicenter of
00:01:42
the virus spread in South Korea now the
military will trace the soldier steps to
00:01:46
see if anyone else was exposed there are
dozens of new cases reported in Daegu
00:01:52
mostly linked to
00:01:53
a church China has just reported more than
$400.00 new cases Japan Italy and the
00:01:59
Middle East are all reporting the virus
rapidly spreading I'm Jacki Queen Hong
00:02:05
Kong's government is proposing
00:02:06
a nearly $1300.00 cash handouts for each
resident over 18 years old the money is to
00:02:13
help alleviate hardships brought on by the
spreading viral outbreak and prolonged
00:02:18
political protests the Greek islands of
Lesbos CIO and Samos on Wednesday staged
00:02:25
a general strike people are protesting
against the construction of new migrant
00:02:29
camps for
00:02:30
a 2nd day post protesters on Lesbos faced
off against riot police close to the site
00:02:35
of
00:02:35
a planned camp for up to 7000 people small
groups of protesters threw stones at the
00:02:41
police who responded with tear gas
and flash grenades Egypt held
00:02:46
a military funeral Wednesday for former
President Hosni Mubarak horses drew his
00:02:51
coffin draped in the Egyptian flag Mubarak
ruled for 30 years until he was ousted
00:02:56
in disgrace in 2011 he died Tuesday in
00:02:59
a Cairo military hospital at the age of
$91.00 the opera world is reacting to plus
00:03:05
ago Domingo's statement of regret after
00:03:08
a pause. It was released
about his conduct with women
00:03:11
a piece Oscar Wilde's
Gabriel reports e.c.l.
00:03:15
. On so cellaring those words by Soprano
lose Del Alba Rubio reflect those of many
00:03:22
in opera circles now that superstar
placid Oh Domingo has apologized for his
00:03:27
treatment of women the problem with many
who find the apology problematic is that
00:03:31
it comes on the heels of
00:03:33
a record in which the Us union that
represents opera performers confirms that the
00:03:37
superstar behaved inappropriately with women
over 2 decades Patricia Wolf is one of
00:03:42
the singers whose allegations to the
Associated Press launched the probe that led
00:03:46
to the report she questions the sincerity
and timing of the apology why is he
00:03:52
apologizing now why is he speaking up now
while says she and others want to see
00:03:57
Domingo expelled from the u.s.
00:03:59
Offering and show that such behavior is
unacceptable Gabriel I'm Diane Roberts
00:04:05
v.o.a.
00:04:05
News. Became broadcast. Exclusive he. Was
00:04:14
.
00:04:55
Never. On
00:04:58
a. Comedy
00:05:06
. To go.
00:05:59
Let.
00:06:17
Them come.
00:09:24
It was.
00:09:31
Going to. Take it I.
00:09:39
Had to say look I've got to say but.
00:09:57
I've.
00:10:42
I've.
00:10:57
I've.
00:11:06
I've.
00:11:39
Oh.
00:11:59
Make the most of.
00:12:23
It.
00:13:11
So.
00:13:19
I don't blame. Me.
00:13:27
Because. They
00:13:34
seem. To be.
00:13:41
Me.
00:14:48
Please Mr New would soon see. New.
00:14:55
Singles Q. Because it was.
00:15:02
The song. Says it's still.
00:17:01
Syrus.
00:17:44
I.
00:18:14
Play it.
00:18:44
Plz.
00:19:40
Live.
00:19:48
Live. Live live.
00:20:04
Live live.
00:20:46
Live.
00:20:52
Live.
00:21:06
Live.
00:21:27
Thank.
00:21:44
You this is going to take
you. To get more old.
00:22:06
Lucy done it's done.
00:22:21
Was to issue.
00:22:33
His son my to my.
00:22:43
Mother and he was on simpletons
just slapping me Sally's.
00:23:53
Led.
00:24:41
Police.
00:25:11
I've.
00:25:39
Played live.
00:26:23
A little.
00:26:34
Slimmer.
00:26:42
A. Little July.
00:26:53
I've.
00:27:09
Live
00:27:17
. Live.
00:27:26
Live.
00:27:34
Live.
00:27:50
In
00:27:50
a way. I've
00:28:02
.
00:28:25
Lived.
00:28:42
Lives
00:28:54
. Lived.
00:29:12
Welcome to learning English
00:29:15
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:29:22
Ashley Thompson this program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:29:27
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:29:34
English. Today on the
00:29:41
program you will hear from Alice Bryant
later we will present our American history
00:29:47
series The Making of
00:29:49
a nation. But 1st. People
who survive cancer or
00:29:55
during childhood and early adulthood
are more likely to experience severe
00:30:02
life threatening health problems
later on in life and in fact many
00:30:09
of the survivors die before other
people the same age those are
00:30:16
finding from a recent study
00:30:20
a report on the study was published
this month and the Lancet Oncology.
00:30:27
Researchers followed almost 12000
young cancer survivors and
00:30:34
about 5000 of their
siblings for about 20 years
00:30:41
all of these relatives were said
to be in good health the cancer
00:30:47
survivors were free of the disease for
at least 5 years at the start of the
00:30:53
study yet they were still about
6 times more likely to die
00:31:00
during the follow up period than their
siblings Tara Henderson was the lead
00:31:07
writer of the report. She noted before 960
00:31:13
cancer before the age of 21 years
was uniformly fatal and currently
00:31:21
about 83 percent of anyone diagnosed
with cancer before the age of 21
00:31:27
years can be cured Anderson
is director of cancer
00:31:33
survivorship at the University of
Chicago's Comprehensive Cancer Center
00:31:41
she said that doctors need to put more
effort into learning the long term side
00:31:47
effects of cancer treatment the
Reuters News Agency reported her
00:31:53
comments better survival chances
also mean children may have
00:32:00
a higher risk of developing
health problems as
00:32:03
a result of tumors or cancer
treatments the problems include
00:32:10
heart disease old cancers
returning or possible new cancers
00:32:18
many doctors turn to chemotherapy
to treat cancer patients they
00:32:25
use drugs to stop the growth of cancer
cells either by killing the cells or by
00:32:32
stopping them from dividing yet
chemotherapy can weaken the heart muscle
00:32:39
and some newer targeted medicines
encrease the risk of heart failure
00:32:46
so says the American Heart Association
the group also notes that
00:32:53
radiation can cause heart
rhythm disorders and
00:32:57
a structural damage in blood
vessels and heart valves. By age
00:33:03
4556 percent of the childhood
cancer survivors diagnosed with the
00:33:10
disease before age 15 had
developed severe health problems
00:33:18
that compares with 39 percent of survivors
diagnosed while growing up or in
00:33:25
early adulthood and 12 percent of
siblings without any history of
00:33:31
cancer death rates or Also
higher for cancer survivors
00:33:38
diagnosed during childhood than for
those diagnosed during adolescence or
00:33:45
early adulthood However survivors
of childhood cancer were less
00:33:52
likely to die from returning tumors
than survivors who were diagnosed
00:33:57
a little later researchers followed
people diagnosed with cancer
00:34:04
between 197-1999 they found that it is
00:34:11
possible that long term results might
be better for people diagnosed today
00:34:18
because of better treatments the
researchers said that is partly because of
00:34:24
changes designed to improve survival
chances and decrease the risk of
00:34:31
severe treatment related health
problems one limitation of the study
00:34:38
is that researchers lacked information
on 3 kinds of cancer tumors in the
00:34:45
gonads thyroid and scan
those 3 make up about
00:34:52
40 percent of cancers discovered
and 15 to 20 year olds.
00:34:59
The Lottie Maki is a doctor with
00:35:01
a tour through university in Finland and
the Carling sky Institute in Stockholm
00:35:06
Sweden she noted that some cancer
related complications do not
00:35:13
become apparent until several years
following cancer treatment in an
00:35:19
e-mail to Reuters she urged
cancer patients to adopt
00:35:24
a healthy lifestyle to help make severe
or life threatening medical issues less
00:35:31
likely to develop She added
that patients can do
00:35:37
a number of things including
exercising eating well not smoking and
00:35:44
keeping
00:35:44
a healthy body weight. Amy
00:36:15
Melendez was in
00:36:17
a supermarket and Maryland with friends
when it happened to her she had ordered
00:36:24
one of her favorite drinks a corn based
beverage from Central America called
00:36:30
a tollway she began to
drink her a tollway when
00:36:35
a man nearby asked if it was good but
the man was using casual language
00:36:42
and Melendez did not understand his
question so she said I don't know
00:36:50
the man then asked how it was possible
for her not to know how the drink was.
00:36:58
That's when the laughter began the
man laughed her friends laughed Amy
00:37:04
Melendez felt
00:37:05
a little foolish her spoken exchange
with the man was entirely in
00:37:12
Spanish Melendez is
00:37:15
a Spanish learner but she is
also an English language teacher
00:37:23
now she supervises English and
service worker training programs at
00:37:30
3 to b.j.
00:37:32
In Maryland Melinda's has shared
the supermarket story with
00:37:39
many of her students she wants them to
know she can relate to the challenges of
00:37:45
learning
00:37:46
a language being laughed at or joked
about can happen no matter what
00:37:53
language you are learning and it may
make some learners nervous about
00:38:00
speaking their new language However
experts say there are ways to
00:38:06
overcome those feelings so on
education tips today we offer
00:38:13
suggestions from
00:38:14
a few teachers but 1st let's
explore why some people laugh
00:38:22
when ter Oshie Bayrou teaches
English in Washington d.c.
00:38:27
And Maryland including for the International
Center for language studies and
00:38:34
a nonprofit group called Paper
airplanes She says most people
00:38:41
who laugh are not trying to
be mean or hurtful instead
00:38:47
a language learners pronunciation or way
of putting words together may sound
00:38:53
unusual to some native speakers
and can take them by surprise.
00:39:01
And they're not thinking about how it
might make other individuals feel who is
00:39:06
learning the language it's just
00:39:08
a natural instinct when you
hear something that sound
00:39:11
a little bit different than what you would
expect to hear or how you would expect
00:39:15
to hear if the way you say something
sounds different or unusual to
00:39:22
a native speaker that person may not
have had much contact with foreigners
00:39:29
Josh Plotkin is an American living
in Brazil he has been fluent in
00:39:36
Portuguese for years he operates
00:39:40
a website called Brazilian gringo dot com
which teaches foreigners how to live in
00:39:47
Brazil and improve their spoken
Portuguese on his website Plotkin
00:39:54
notes that some Brazilians who have little
contact with foreigners laugh at him
00:40:00
because they aren't used to hearing an
American speaking Portuguese he notes
00:40:07
similar experiences when traveling and
other countries and trying to speak their
00:40:14
languages but whether the reason is
lack of contact or something else
00:40:21
we have tips for overcoming the
fear of using your English the
00:40:27
1st suggestion is to relax
and be patient with yourself
00:40:33
a piece of advice from Oshie
Bayrou she says to remind yourself
00:40:40
that you are learning the language
so it is normal to make mistakes she
00:40:47
advises not to be too hard on yourself I
think sometimes the best thing to do is
00:40:53
just smile and breathe and relax
and try not to take your laughter
00:41:00
stopped you from from learning the language
or immersion yourself in the language.
00:41:06
Oshie Bayrou also suggests learners avoid
setting learning goals that are too
00:41:13
strict which can sometimes become
00:41:16
a barrier rather than help other
experts note that people who make
00:41:23
jokes or laugh may not have studied
00:41:26
a 2nd language this is yet another
reason not to judge yourself by
00:41:33
the reactions of others
Plotkin warns against
00:41:40
worrying that people are
thinking you look like
00:41:44
a full trying to speak our language
ideas like these can hurt your
00:41:50
progress and be
00:41:52
a barrier to fluency The 2nd tip
is to practice your speaking
00:41:58
skills both Melendez and
Oshie Bayrou say practice
00:42:05
is one of the best ways to
deal with fear Melendez
00:42:11
suggests doing role plays in
00:42:15
a role play 2 or more people
act out an imaginary situation
00:42:22
for example going to a
market or talking to
00:42:27
a bus driver if you know
there's a new situation
00:42:32
a situation you may not feel comfortable
and what are the phrases you might need
00:42:36
what are the words if there's someone you
can practice with but definitely just
00:42:40
going through those role plays will help
you overcome the fear you can imagine for
00:42:46
example your friend is
a bus driver you have
00:42:50
a lot of questions about taking the bus
you can practice the questions on your
00:42:56
friend Melinda says if
you are unable to find
00:43:02
a practice partner you can practice in
your head or you can talk out loud.
00:43:09
Oshie Bayrou says Another solution is
to record your voice as you train by
00:43:16
yourself that way you can listen
for mistakes whether in your
00:43:22
wording or pronunciation and
correct them. Our 3rd tip is
00:43:30
don't be afraid to ask questions if you
are worried about what to do in the
00:43:37
moment when someone makes
00:43:39
a joke the solution can be simple kindly
ask the person the reason for the
00:43:46
laughter like this says
Melendez you know is there
00:43:51
a different way that I could have said it
or how would you usually say it she said
00:43:56
the issue could be something very
simple then once you know the issue
00:44:04
you can bring the information
to a trusted person such as
00:44:08
a friend or practice partner and ask
them to help you correct it the
00:44:15
4th and final tip is to keep
a sense of humor keeping
00:44:21
a sense of humor can make the
long process of learning
00:44:25
a language more fun you might even laugh
with the person who is laughing or
00:44:32
making the joke This may feel
strange at 1st but gets easier with
00:44:39
time just Plotkin notes
that over time he has come
00:44:46
to understand that being laughed at
when speaking a foreign language is not
00:44:52
a bad thing he has learned not to
take it personally these days he
00:44:59
even laughs along with
the people using it as
00:45:04
a way to make new friends
I'm Alice Bryant.
00:45:21
Welcome to the making of
00:45:23
a nation American history in Vo
way special English I'm Barbara
00:45:30
Kline And I'm Steve embers the
stock market crash of 1929
00:45:36
marked the beginning of the worst economic
crisis in American history millions of
00:45:43
people lost their jobs thousands
lost their homes during the next
00:45:50
several years
00:45:51
a large part of the richest nation on
earth learned what it meant to be poor
00:45:59
workers lost their jobs as factories
closed businesses owners lost their
00:46:06
stores and sometimes their homes
farmers lost their land as they
00:46:12
struggled with falling prices
and natural disasters and
00:46:19
Americans were not the
only ones who suffered.
00:46:34
One of America's greatest writers John
Steinbeck described the depression this
00:46:41
way it was
00:46:42
a terrible troubled time I
can't think of any 10 years in
00:46:49
history when so much happened
in so many directions violent
00:46:56
change took place our country
was shaped our lives changed
00:47:02
our government rebuilt.
Steinbeck winner of the
00:47:08
1962 Nobel Prize in Literature
said when the markets fell
00:47:15
the factories mines and steel works
closed and then no one could buy
00:47:22
anything. Even food. And the
00:47:28
unemployed the auto worker and Detroit
Michigan describe the situation this way
00:47:35
before daylight we were on the way to the
Chevrolet factory to look for work the
00:47:41
police were already there waving out some
way from the office they were saying
00:47:47
nothing doing no jobs no
jobs so now we were walking
00:47:54
slowly through the falling snow to the
employment office for the dog auto company
00:48:01
a big well fed man and
00:48:03
a heavy overcalled stored at the
door no no he said there was no
00:48:10
work. One Texas farmer lost his
farm and moved his family to
00:48:17
California. We can't show
the children to school.
00:48:24
Because they have no clothes.
00:49:02
The economic crisis began with the
stock market crash in October
00:49:08
1929 for the 1st year
the economy fell very
00:49:14
slowly but it dropped sharply and
00:49:18
931932 and by the end of
00:49:24
1932 the economy collapsed
almost completely during
00:49:31
the 3 years following the stock market
crash the value of goods and services
00:49:38
produced in America fell by almost
half the wealth of the average
00:49:45
American dropped to
00:49:46
a level lower than it had
been 25 years earlier all the
00:49:53
gains of the 1920 s were
washed away. Unemployment rose
00:50:00
sharply the number of workers looking for
00:50:03
a job jumped from 3 percent to
more than 25 percent in just 4
00:50:10
years one of every 3 or 4
workers was looking for
00:50:16
a job in 1932 those employment numbers
00:50:23
did not include farmers the men and
women who grew the nation's food
00:50:29
suffered terribly during the Great
Depression This was especially true in 2
00:50:36
states Oklahoma and Texas farmers
there were losing money because of
00:50:43
falling prices for their crops
then natural disasters struck
00:50:49
year after year little or no
rain fell the ground dried up
00:50:57
and then the wind blew away the earth
in the huge clouds of dust. All
00:51:04
that dust made some of the farmers leave
one Oklahoma farmer remembered later but
00:51:11
my family stayed we fought to live
despite all the dust then the wind and
00:51:18
we were planting seeds but we
got no crops we had 5 crop
00:51:24
failures in 5 years.
00:51:39
Falling production rising unemployment
and then begging in the streets
00:51:46
but there was more to the Great Depression
at that time the federal government did
00:51:52
not guarantee the money that people
put in banks when people could not
00:51:59
repay loans banks began to close in
00:52:04
192-9659 banks with total holdings of
00:52:11
$200000000.00 went out of
business the next year 2
00:52:18
times that number failed and the year
after that almost twice that number
00:52:25
of banks went out of business millions
of people lost all their savings
00:52:32
they had no money left the depression
caused serious public health
00:52:38
problems hospitals across the country
were filled with sick people whose main
00:52:45
illness was
00:52:47
a lack of food the health department
in New York City found that one of
00:52:53
every 5 of the city's children
did not get enough food.
00:53:00
99 percent of the children
attending a school in
00:53:04
a coal mining area of the country
reportedly were underweight in some
00:53:11
places people died of hunger.
00:53:30
But. The quality of housing also failed
00:53:37
families were forced to crowd into
small houses or apartments to share
00:53:43
costs many people had no
homes at all they slept on
00:53:49
public streets buses or trains
one official Lynch Chicago
00:53:56
reported in 1931 that several
100 women without homes were
00:54:02
sleeping in said he barks. In the
number of cities people without homes
00:54:09
built their houses from what ever
materials they could find they used empty
00:54:16
boxes or pieces of metal to
build shelters in open areas.
00:54:28
People called these aerials of
little temporary houses Hoovervilles
00:54:35
they blamed President
Hoover for their situation.
00:54:43
Public parks at night they covered
themselves with pieces of paper and they
00:54:50
called the paper who blanket's people
without money in their pants called
00:54:57
their empty pockets Hoover flags
people blamed President Hoover
00:55:04
because they thought he was not doing
enough to help them Hoover did take several
00:55:11
actions to try to improve the economy
but he resisted proposals for the
00:55:18
federal government to
provide. And he refused to
00:55:24
let the government spend then it earned.
00:55:31
Economic depression cannot be cured by
legislative action or executive decision.
00:55:39
Many conservative Americans agreed with
him but not the millions of Americans
00:55:46
who were hungry and tired of looking for
00:55:49
a job they accused Hoover of not
caring about common citizens
00:55:56
one congressman from Alabama
said in the White House we have
00:56:02
a man more interested in the money of the
rich than in the stomachs of the poor.
00:56:21
And longing for Great Depression continues
of course some Americans were lucky they
00:56:28
kept their jobs and they had enough
money to enjoy the lower prices of
00:56:34
most goods many people shared their
earnings with friends in need
00:56:42
years later John Steinbeck wrote it
seems odd now to say that we rarely
00:56:49
have
00:56:49
a job there just weren't any jobs
but he continued given the sea
00:56:56
and the gardens we did pretty well with
00:56:59
a minimum of theft we didn't have
to steal much farmers could not
00:57:06
sell their crops he explained so they
gave away all the fruit and vegetables
00:57:13
that people could carry home other
Americans were reacting to the
00:57:19
crisis by leading protests against
the economic policies of the Hoover
00:57:26
administration in 1932
00:57:30
a large group of former soldiers
gathered in Washington to demand help.
00:57:37
More than 8000 of them built the nation's
largest Hooverville near the White
00:57:44
House federal troops finally
removed them by force and burning
00:57:51
their shelter in. One fiber right
00:57:57
Rhone night and run and made
and right back around was one
00:58:04
side of the railroad of
now it. Rather manual.
00:58:12
On the side of the tower to
the. Record on the River Murray
00:58:19
$15.00 over power now
it down product manual.
00:58:27
One Next week we will look at how the
Great Depression of the 19th thirties
00:58:34
affected other country next year when she
logon for one and I won't work and will
00:58:41
not run. And that's our program for
00:58:47
today listen again tomorrow to learn
English 3 stories from around the world
00:58:54
I'm Jonathan Evans and
I'm Ashley Thompson.
Notes
This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code).
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